The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, BDI-II), created by Dr. Aaron T. Beck, is a 21-question multiple-choice self-report inventory, one of the most widely used instruments for measuring the severity of depression. Its development marked a shift among health care professionals, who had until then viewed depression from a psychodynamic perspective, instead of it being rooted in the patient’s own thoughts. We typically use the BDI-II.
The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a widely used 21-item self-report inventory used to assess anxiety levels in adults and adolescents. It has been used in multiple studies, including in treatment-outcome studies for individuals who have experienced traumas. Although the age range for the measure is from 17 to 80, the measure has been used in peer-reviewed studies with younger adolescents. Convergent validity of the Beck Depression Inventory for Youth. Psychological Reports, 94(3), 1444-1446. Skorikov, V.B., & Vandervoort, D.J. Relationships between the underlying constructs of the Beck Depression Inventory and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 63(2), 319-335. The Beck Youth Inventories™ -Second Edition use the same principles as the widely used Beck Scales of Depression, Anxiety, Hopelessness and Suicide Ideation. Each inventory contains 20 statements about thoughts, feelings, and behaviours associated with emotional and social impairment in youth.
The Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) is a widely used 21-item self-report inventory used to assess anxiety levels in adults and adolescents. It has been used in multiple studies, including in treatment-outcome studies for individuals who have experienced traumas. Although the age range for the measure is from 17 to 80, the measure has been used in peer-reviewed studies with younger adolescents. Convergent validity of the Beck Depression Inventory for Youth. Psychological Reports, 94(3), 1444-1446. Skorikov, V.B., & Vandervoort, D.J. Relationships between the underlying constructs of the Beck Depression Inventory and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, Educational and Psychological Measurement, 63(2), 319-335. The Beck Youth Inventories™ -Second Edition use the same principles as the widely used Beck Scales of Depression, Anxiety, Hopelessness and Suicide Ideation. Each inventory contains 20 statements about thoughts, feelings, and behaviours associated with emotional and social impairment in youth.
SCORING
The original BDI, first published in 1961, consisted of twenty-one questions about how the subject has been feeling in the last week. Each question has a set of at least four possible answer choices, ranging in intensity. For example:
When the test is scored, a value of 0 to 3 is assigned for each answer and then the total score is compared to a key to determine the depression’s severity. The standard cut-offs are as follows:
- With the Beck Anxiety Inventory, patients respond to 21 items rated on a scale from 0 to 3. Each item is descriptive of subjective, somatic, or panic-related symptoms of anxiety. Get comprehensive assessment of anxiety-related symptoms.
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Higher total scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms.
Some items on the BDI have more than one statement marked with the same score. For instance, there are two responses under the Mood heading that score a 2: (2a) I am blue or sad all the time and I can’t snap out of it and (2b) I am so sad or unhappy that it is very painful.
RESOURCE FILES
Beck Youth Inventory Scoring
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Scoring files were written in the R statistical programming language by John Curtin and are free for reuse.
Beck Youth Inventory Scores
REFERENCES
Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M., Mock, J., & ERBAUGH, J. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of general psychiatry, 4(6), 561-571.
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